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Resolution Details

Company:

Southwest Airlines Co.

Year:

2024

Issue Area:

Climate Change

Focus Area:

GHG Reduction and Targets

Status:

Filed

Resolution Text

WHEREAS: The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change has advised that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions must be halved by 2030 and reach net zero by 2050 to limit global warming to 1.5°C. Every incremental increase in temperature above 1.5°C will entail increasingly severe physical and transition risks for companies and investors alike.

In its 10-K filed in February 2023, Southwest Airlines (“Southwest” or “the Company”) acknowledges it is “subject to various environmental requirements and risks, including increased regulation, changing consumer preferences, physical, environmental, and climate risks, and risks associated with climate change.”

Though Southwest has a goal to reach net zero by 2050 with supporting interim goals, its targets lack validation as aligned with limiting warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. While it is a positive sign that Southwest intends to develop a 1.5°C-aligned transition plan per its 2022 CDP report, it is important for investors to understand how both the Company’s targets and its implementation plans are sufficiently ambitious to minimize climate-related risks.

Four of Southwest’s primary competitors, American, Delta, United, and JetBlue have near-term targets to reduce jet fuel GHG emissions from initial sourcing and production to use by 45% or more by 2035 validated by the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi). United and Delta have both committed to SBTi’s net zero standard. More robust, validated targets and planning on par with its peers may strengthen Southwest’s industry competitiveness.

Investors increasingly seek disclosure of how companies are addressing climate risks and opportunities; emissions reduction targets to position their business for success in the transition to a low carbon economy; and climate transition plans – detailing the forward-looking, near-term, and quantitative actions the company will take to achieve its sustainability goals.

Investors believe adopting 1.5°C-aligned science-based targets for its full value chain and developing a robust climate transition plan will help the Company mitigate physical, regulatory, and reputational risks.

RESOLVED: Shareholders request that Southwest Airlines disclose near- and long-term science-based greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets aligned with the Paris Agreement’s ambition of limiting global temperature rise to 1.5 °C and summarize plans to achieve them. The targets and plan should cover the Company’s full range of operational and supply chain emissions.

SUPPORTING STATEMENT: In assessing targets, we recommend, at management’s discretion,

· Taking into consideration approaches used by advisory groups like the Science Based Targets Initiative; and

· Developing a transition plan that shows how the Company plans to meet its goals, taking into consideration criteria used by advisory groups such as the Task Force for Climate-related Financial Disclosures, CDP, Transition Plan Taskforce, and the We Mean Business Coalition.

 

Resolution Details

Company:

Southwest Airlines Co.

Year:

2023

Issue Area:

Environment, Health

Focus Area:

Climate Change, Pollution

Status:

Withdrawn for Agreement

Resolution Text

Resolved: Shareholders of Southwest Airlines Co. (“Southwest” or the “Company”) ask the Board of Directors to report on the Company’s due diligence process to identify and address environmental and social risks related to climate change, greenhouse gas emissions and other pollution resulting from the operation of aircraft. The report should:

Explain the types and extent of stakeholder consultation; and
Address how Southwest tracks effectiveness of measures to assess, prevent, mitigate, and remedy adverse impacts on the environment and human health

Supporting Statement

Southwest’s operations have meaningful environmental and social impacts, and those impacts are likely to increase. The FAA forecasts that annual U.S. carrier domestic passenger growth will average 4.7% over the next 20 years.1 Globally, Boeing projects that traffic will increase by 3.8% per year through 2041.2 In 2021, Southwest had 17.4% of the domestic market share among U.S. carriers, second only to American.3 Southwest also flies to cities in Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean. 4

The global airline industry contributes significantly to pollution and climate change. According to the EPA, commercial airplanes and large business jets accounted for 10% of U.S. transportation emissions. If the industry were a country, its greenhouse gas emissions would put it in 6th place, between Japan and Germany. Aircraft also contribute to climate change through the warming effect of contrails.5

When aircraft burn fuel, they emit ultrafine particulate (“UFP”) matter, which is “much more toxic” than larger size particulate matter.6 Although UFPs are linked to serious health conditions and problems with fetal development,7 they are unregulated. UFP levels are higher near airports.8 Research shows that people living in airport flight paths experience higher rates of asthma and cardiorespiratory hospitalizations.9 A 2018 study found asthmatics experienced acute inflammation after walking at a site near Los Angeles International Airport (“LAX”), which the author attributed to UFPs, and no effects when they walked at a control site not near the airport.10

The impacts of pollution generated by aircraft are not distributed equitably. Residents of communities that have the greatest exposure to aircraft emissions are more likely to be nonwhite and have lower income and education levels. 11 Most of the neighborhoods east of LAX, where Southwest has the fourth-highest volume of passenger traffic,12 with the highest rates of respiratory illness are communities of color. (Ninety-five percent of traffic in and out of LAX “take[s] off and land[s] into winds blowing west to east because that’s the typical wind direction of the area.”13)

Failure to adequately address environmental and social risks poses regulatory and reputational risks to Southwest and its shareholders. Residents may object to airport expansions due to environmental and/or social impacts, as has occurred at LAX.14 Investors lack sufficient disclosure on how Southwest identifies and addresses environmental and social risks associated with its operations.

1. https://www.faa.gov/sites/faa.gov/files/2022-06/Forecast_Highlights.pdf,at2.

2. https://www .boeing.com/commercial/market/commercial-market-outlook/index.page

3. https://www.statista.com/statistics/250577/domestic-market-share-of-leading-us-airlines/

4. https://www .southwest.com/international/

5. https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/2015JD024696

6. https://envhealthcenters.usc.edu/2019/02/ultrafine-particle-pollution-lax.html

7. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/feb/11/pollutionwatch-ultrafine-particles-from-aircraft-engines-endanger-lives; https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590252021000118?via%3Dihub

8. https://www .sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590252021000118?via%3Dihub

9. https://www .lawa.org/-/media/lawa-web/lawa-communityrelations/files/laxaac/presentations/habre_laxufps_laxaac_2019.ashx, slide 11.

10. https://www .sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590252021000118?via%3Dihub

11. https://repository.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3887&context=edissertations, at 49.

12. https://www .lawa.org/-/media/lawa-web/statistics/market-share-statistics/aircarrier-2022.ashx

13. https://abc7.com/lax-air-pollution-respiratory-illness-inequities-los-angeles/11174361/

14. See spectrumnews1.com/ca/la-west/environment/2021/09/15/maxine-waters-opposes-lax-gate-expansion–citing- noise–pollution; labusinessjournal.com/infrastructure/el-segundo-opposes-lax-terminal-plan

  

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